How does a Thyristor work?
The invention of transistors revolutionized human civilization like no other technology. At the heart of a smartphone lies a processor, and this processor holds around 2 billion transistors. What do these incredibly tiny devices do? How do they work? Transistors can act like a switch with no moving parts. They can amplify a weak signal. In fact, amplification is the basic function of a transistor. First, let’s understand the basis of transistors. We will come back to the application part later....
The invention of transistors revolutionized human civilization like no other technology. At the heart of a smartphone lies a processor, and this processor holds around 2 billion transistors. What do these incredibly tiny devices do? How do they work? Transistors can act like a switch with no moving parts. They can amplify a weak signal. In fact, amplification is the basic function of a transistor. First, let’s understand the basis of transistors. We will come back to the application part later....
Why Resistors BURN OUT (and how to choose the right one)
Why Resistors BURN OUT (and how to choose the right one) This small resistor worth a few cents decides whether a production line worth millions of euros keeps working… …or suddenly stops due to a fault. The problem is that, very often, resistors are chosen or sized in the wrong way: they overheat, change value, and can even burn out. In this video we’ll see together why it happens, how a resistor really works inside the circuit, and how to choose the right one so you...
Why Resistors BURN OUT (and how to choose the right one) This small resistor worth a few cents decides whether a production line worth millions of euros keeps working… …or suddenly stops due to a fault. The problem is that, very often, resistors are chosen or sized in the wrong way: they overheat, change value, and can even burn out. In this video we’ll see together why it happens, how a resistor really works inside the circuit, and how to choose the right one so you...
Torsen is a trademark of the JTEcht Corporation. The Torsen differential has many patented components and is the most unique and ingenious method of providing differential action while overcoming the traction difference problem. The internal components of a Torsen are quite different from that of a conventional differential. At the heart of the system lies a specially shaped gear pair assembly. Let’s see the cross-sectional shape of these gears at the mating point. As can be seen, one gear is a spur gear and the other one is a...
Understanding Wheel Alignment!
ThAll four wheelers, after having been driven for a certain distance, are supposed to undergo wheel alignment. What is wheel alignment, and what will happen to your car if you don't do it? Let's explore. At first glance, the wheels of a vehicle look as if they are perfectly straight and vertical and this arrangement seems logical. The surprising thing is that to improve vehicle performance, each manufacturer specifies some predefined angles to the wheels of their cars. In these exaggerated visuals,...
ThAll four wheelers, after having been driven for a certain distance, are supposed to undergo wheel alignment. What is wheel alignment, and what will happen to your car if you don't do it? Let's explore. At first glance, the wheels of a vehicle look as if they are perfectly straight and vertical and this arrangement seems logical. The surprising thing is that to improve vehicle performance, each manufacturer specifies some predefined angles to the wheels of their cars. In these exaggerated visuals,...
Understanding Limited Slip Differential
Consider a situation where a vehicle fitted with a standard differential moves straight, and one drive wheel is on a surface with good traction and the other wheel is on a slippery track. In a standard differential the left and right axle rotations are completely independent. Since one wheel is on a slippery track, the standard differential will make that wheel spin in excessive speed, while the good traction wheel will remain almost dead. This means high power supply to the slippery wheel...
Consider a situation where a vehicle fitted with a standard differential moves straight, and one drive wheel is on a surface with good traction and the other wheel is on a slippery track. In a standard differential the left and right axle rotations are completely independent. Since one wheel is on a slippery track, the standard differential will make that wheel spin in excessive speed, while the good traction wheel will remain almost dead. This means high power supply to the slippery wheel...
The Biggest Mystery of Physics, How did Engineers Solve it?
On its opening day, the London Millennium Bridge began to wobble unexpectedly. You might observe something strange here: along with the sway of the bridge, the pedestrians are walking in a synchronized pattern. What’s happening here? Why are normal people walking with perfect synchronization? This experiment answers that question. At first, these metronomes are oscillating randomly. However, after waiting for a few seconds, they all oscillate in perfect harmony. What...
On its opening day, the London Millennium Bridge began to wobble unexpectedly. You might observe something strange here: along with the sway of the bridge, the pedestrians are walking in a synchronized pattern. What’s happening here? Why are normal people walking with perfect synchronization? This experiment answers that question. At first, these metronomes are oscillating randomly. However, after waiting for a few seconds, they all oscillate in perfect harmony. What...
Immersed Tube Tunnels | Genius Engineering Under the Waves
The longest sea bridge in the world, the HZMB, suddenly disappears into the sea. Welcome to a modern underwater tunnel. Such tunnels are built using ingenious techniques that join different concrete elements. How do the joints remain leak-proof under tremendous hydrostatic pressure? This experiment provides the answer. I have filled the meeting region of the tunnel elements with oil. I can easily separate them out, oops. Now, let’s remove some oil using this syringe....
The longest sea bridge in the world, the HZMB, suddenly disappears into the sea. Welcome to a modern underwater tunnel. Such tunnels are built using ingenious techniques that join different concrete elements. How do the joints remain leak-proof under tremendous hydrostatic pressure? This experiment provides the answer. I have filled the meeting region of the tunnel elements with oil. I can easily separate them out, oops. Now, let’s remove some oil using this syringe....
Sinkhole Physics : Why the Earth Swallows Itself?
The recent sinkhole tragedy in Bangkok, a faulty pipe rapidly eroding the soil beneath the ground. What happens is that the cavity becomes so huge and eventually… Why didn't the soil collapse when the cavity was small? This would have resulted in a minor accident. In fact, small holes do collapse. However, when the shape is curved, they don't. Arch-shaped structures can support much higher loads. If one fine morning, the doors of your house suddenly won't close, you should be...
The recent sinkhole tragedy in Bangkok, a faulty pipe rapidly eroding the soil beneath the ground. What happens is that the cavity becomes so huge and eventually… Why didn't the soil collapse when the cavity was small? This would have resulted in a minor accident. In fact, small holes do collapse. However, when the shape is curved, they don't. Arch-shaped structures can support much higher loads. If one fine morning, the doors of your house suddenly won't close, you should be...
Leaning Tower of Pisa | The Incredible Physics behind its Lean
To straighten the leaning tower of Pisa, the engineers came up with a brilliant solution in 1999 - under excavation. If the under excavation is not done correctly, a disaster is guaranteed. Here are the two cases of underexcavation. What do you think? Which one will save the tower? To answer this tricky question we should have a clear understanding about the tower’s foundation. Did you notice a strange structure called Catino around the foundation? Also some other...
To straighten the leaning tower of Pisa, the engineers came up with a brilliant solution in 1999 - under excavation. If the under excavation is not done correctly, a disaster is guaranteed. Here are the two cases of underexcavation. What do you think? Which one will save the tower? To answer this tricky question we should have a clear understanding about the tower’s foundation. Did you notice a strange structure called Catino around the foundation? Also some other...
Crushing Pressure – Mariana Trench के रहस्य
मारियाना ट्रेंच के ऊपर से होने वाली जर्नी सच में वाइल्ड है। अगर अचानक ओशन का सारा पानी इवापोरेट हो जाए तो आपका शिप पूरे 10.9 कि.मी. नीचे गिर जाएगा। इससे भी ज्यादा क्रेजी बात है इस रीजन की...
मारियाना ट्रेंच के ऊपर से होने वाली जर्नी सच में वाइल्ड है। अगर अचानक ओशन का सारा पानी इवापोरेट हो जाए तो आपका शिप पूरे 10.9 कि.मी. नीचे गिर जाएगा। इससे भी ज्यादा क्रेजी बात है इस रीजन की...
How do Wind Turbines work?
Windmills have been assisting mankind to convert the energy contained in wind to many other useful forms for the last two thousand years. Today's wind turbines are capable of converting a great amount of energy in the wind into electricity. This is due to the blades which are developed using state-of-the-art aerodynamic analysis and the other performance-enhancing equipment. In this video we will explore these different set of technology in a simple yet scientific way. ...
Windmills have been assisting mankind to convert the energy contained in wind to many other useful forms for the last two thousand years. Today's wind turbines are capable of converting a great amount of energy in the wind into electricity. This is due to the blades which are developed using state-of-the-art aerodynamic analysis and the other performance-enhancing equipment. In this video we will explore these different set of technology in a simple yet scientific way. ...
Understanding Hill Start Assist!
Imagine a driving situation where you have stopped while moving up an inclined road and want to move uphill again. A few seconds are required to switch from the brake pedal to the accelerator pedal. As soon as you release the brake pedal, gravity does its job and the vehicle starts rolling backwards. Starting your car up a hill isn’t always easy.
Here’s a technology that has come to our rescue....
Imagine a driving situation where you have stopped while moving up an inclined road and want to move uphill again. A few seconds are required to switch from the brake pedal to the accelerator pedal. As soon as you release the brake pedal, gravity does its job and the vehicle starts rolling backwards. Starting your car up a hill isn’t always easy.
Here’s a technology that has come to our rescue....
Differential | How does it work?
Differential is an integral part of all four wheelers. Wheels receive power from the engine via a drive shaft and the main function of the differential is to allow these wheels to turn at different rpms, while receiving power from the engine.
Consider these wheels which are negotiating a turn. Clearly that the left wheel has to travel more distance than the right wheel which means the left wheel has...
Differential is an integral part of all four wheelers. Wheels receive power from the engine via a drive shaft and the main function of the differential is to allow these wheels to turn at different rpms, while receiving power from the engine.
Consider these wheels which are negotiating a turn. Clearly that the left wheel has to travel more distance than the right wheel which means the left wheel has...
What is a PCB?
A printed circuit board is the backbone of all modern-day electronic devices. Let’s explore what a PCB is and how these tiny circuits are manufactured. Let’s go!
Early electronic components were manufactured and connected to each other manually using wires in a point-to-point construction. This manual construction led to errors and difficulty in scaling up the production. Moreover, because these circuits were extremely complex, repairing one that had been damaged...
A printed circuit board is the backbone of all modern-day electronic devices. Let’s explore what a PCB is and how these tiny circuits are manufactured. Let’s go!
Early electronic components were manufactured and connected to each other manually using wires in a point-to-point construction. This manual construction led to errors and difficulty in scaling up the production. Moreover, because these circuits were extremely complex, repairing one that had been damaged...
How does an MRI machine work?
You might have seen this on TV, or some of you might have even experienced this strange procedure first-hand. MRI scans are used in the medical field for diagnosis. In cases such as a brain hemorrhage, a blood clot occurs deep inside the brain, where doctors can't see. An MRI scan produces a very detailed 2D image of the brain, allowing doctors to analyze the damaged tissue and then perform their targeted surgery. Let's take a deep dive into how MRI imaging works and the principle behind it. ...
You might have seen this on TV, or some of you might have even experienced this strange procedure first-hand. MRI scans are used in the medical field for diagnosis. In cases such as a brain hemorrhage, a blood clot occurs deep inside the brain, where doctors can't see. An MRI scan produces a very detailed 2D image of the brain, allowing doctors to analyze the damaged tissue and then perform their targeted surgery. Let's take a deep dive into how MRI imaging works and the principle behind it. ...
Chenab Bridge | How a Modern Engineering Marvel was Built?
The Chenab bridge has been hit by an earthquake with a magnitude of 8.0 on the Richter scale. Passengers might think that this would soon happen. What actually happens is different. The real deck remain unaffected by the earthquake. Can you explain how this is possible? The insert lies in a spherical bearing. The lower part of each bearing moves with the ground, but this motion does not transfer to the upper part. To isolate the real back the Chenab bridge also makes use...
The Chenab bridge has been hit by an earthquake with a magnitude of 8.0 on the Richter scale. Passengers might think that this would soon happen. What actually happens is different. The real deck remain unaffected by the earthquake. Can you explain how this is possible? The insert lies in a spherical bearing. The lower part of each bearing moves with the ground, but this motion does not transfer to the upper part. To isolate the real back the Chenab bridge also makes use...
Silencers | How do they work?
This part of a motorcycle, the silencer, is so important. Let’s operate the motorcycle, without the silencer to understand its importance. It is too noisy. Silencer helps to reduce the volume level drastically. Using an interesting analogy we are going to understand the complete physics of modern silencers in this video.
Let’s first understand how sound is generated and propagates. The air particles...
This part of a motorcycle, the silencer, is so important. Let’s operate the motorcycle, without the silencer to understand its importance. It is too noisy. Silencer helps to reduce the volume level drastically. Using an interesting analogy we are going to understand the complete physics of modern silencers in this video.
Let’s first understand how sound is generated and propagates. The air particles...
The Collapse of World Trade Center | The Complete Physics
The 9 11 terrorist attack - the huge impact force of the airplane did not cause the twin towers to have a tilted fall like this. Instead the towers stood strong for more than an hour. However to the world’s surprise the towers collapsed like a house of cards - a vertical fall! The main reason for this strange collapse was the tower's structural design - the perimeter tube design.
...
The 9 11 terrorist attack - the huge impact force of the airplane did not cause the twin towers to have a tilted fall like this. Instead the towers stood strong for more than an hour. However to the world’s surprise the towers collapsed like a house of cards - a vertical fall! The main reason for this strange collapse was the tower's structural design - the perimeter tube design.
...
Why you should not PARTIALLY press the Clutch?
In manual transmission cars, some drivers partially press down on the clutch pedal to make the engine operate more smoothly. Some drivers even have the habit of resting their foot on the clutch pedal. This is known as ‘riding’ the clutch. However, do you know that this habit is really bad for your car?
In order to understand how a partially pressed clutch can help the engine operate...
In manual transmission cars, some drivers partially press down on the clutch pedal to make the engine operate more smoothly. Some drivers even have the habit of resting their foot on the clutch pedal. This is known as ‘riding’ the clutch. However, do you know that this habit is really bad for your car?
In order to understand how a partially pressed clutch can help the engine operate...
How does an electric car work?
Electric cars are making big waves in the automobile world. These noise-free, pollution-free and high-performance vehicles are expected to make their I.C. engine counterparts obsolete by 2025. This video will unveil the hidden technologies behind the Tesla Model S, which recently became the world’s fastest accelerating car. We will see how electric cars have achieved superior performance by analyzing the technology behind the induction motor, inverter, lithium ion battery power source, and above...
Electric cars are making big waves in the automobile world. These noise-free, pollution-free and high-performance vehicles are expected to make their I.C. engine counterparts obsolete by 2025. This video will unveil the hidden technologies behind the Tesla Model S, which recently became the world’s fastest accelerating car. We will see how electric cars have achieved superior performance by analyzing the technology behind the induction motor, inverter, lithium ion battery power source, and above...
Understanding Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) !
Nowadays an anti lock braking system is used in almost all modern vehicles. This system prevents accidents like this, where you lose control of the steering as you apply the brakes. With ABS you will be able to steer the vehicle properly and it also reduces the braking distance. What is ABS? How is it able to prevent accidents due to the braking? We will explore these questions in this video.
...
Nowadays an anti lock braking system is used in almost all modern vehicles. This system prevents accidents like this, where you lose control of the steering as you apply the brakes. With ABS you will be able to steer the vehicle properly and it also reduces the braking distance. What is ABS? How is it able to prevent accidents due to the braking? We will explore these questions in this video.
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Refinery kaise kaam karti hai - refining tower mein kya hota hai?
एक पेट्रोलियम रिफाइनरी के हार्ट में डिस्टिलेशन कॉलम के अंदर एक दिलचस्प प्रोसेस चल रहा होता है। चैलेंज यह है कि यहां बहुत सारे मिक्स गाइसिंग होती है। हम इन्हें कैसे सेपरेट करें?...
एक पेट्रोलियम रिफाइनरी के हार्ट में डिस्टिलेशन कॉलम के अंदर एक दिलचस्प प्रोसेस चल रहा होता है। चैलेंज यह है कि यहां बहुत सारे मिक्स गाइसिंग होती है। हम इन्हें कैसे सेपरेट करें?...
The GENIUS Engineering Behind Bailey Bridges!
According to General Dwight D. Eisenhower and many other historians, the Bailey Bridge was one of the three most vital innovations for the Allied victory in World War II. This rugged, easy to assemble bridge still does wonders even in the modern world.
In fact, these structures of the Bailey Bridge are not mere railings. They are the side panels that give incredible strength to the Bailey...
According to General Dwight D. Eisenhower and many other historians, the Bailey Bridge was one of the three most vital innovations for the Allied victory in World War II. This rugged, easy to assemble bridge still does wonders even in the modern world.
In fact, these structures of the Bailey Bridge are not mere railings. They are the side panels that give incredible strength to the Bailey...
Mystery SOLVED - How did they Walk the Moai statues?
The Moai statues on Easter Island were transported a remarkable 13 km by the Rapanui people. These statues literally walked even though they didn't have legs. The mechanics behind this motion are nothing short of genius.
Consider this Moai statue. Imagine this statue is pivoted at one point. If you pull this edge backward, the other end of the Moai statue will move forward. Now by...
The Moai statues on Easter Island were transported a remarkable 13 km by the Rapanui people. These statues literally walked even though they didn't have legs. The mechanics behind this motion are nothing short of genius.
Consider this Moai statue. Imagine this statue is pivoted at one point. If you pull this edge backward, the other end of the Moai statue will move forward. Now by...

